Pleurodesis
Pleurodesis is a medical procedure that permanently seals the pleural space to prevent recurrent fluid buildup (pleural effusion). A sclerosing agent — typically sterile talc — is introduced into the pleural space, causing the two pleural layers to adhere together and eliminating the space where fluid accumulates.
Recurrent pleural effusion is a major source of discomfort for pleural mesothelioma patients. While thoracentesis provides temporary relief, many patients require repeated drainage. Pleurodesis offers a more permanent solution by preventing the fluid from reaccumulating.
The procedure can be performed chemically (injecting a sclerosing agent through a chest tube) or mechanically (abrading the pleural surfaces during thoracoscopic surgery). Talc pleurodesis is the most common approach, with success rates of 70–90% in preventing effusion recurrence. The inflammation caused by the sclerosing agent fuses the pleural layers together over several days.
Pleurodesis is a palliative procedure — it manages symptoms but does not treat the underlying cancer. It is typically performed when patients are not candidates for more definitive surgery or when managing symptoms is the primary treatment goal. An alternative is an indwelling pleural catheter, which allows ongoing drainage at home.
- Also known as
- Talc pleurodesis, Chemical pleurodesis, Mechanical pleurodesis
- Category
- Treatment
- Related terms
- Pleural Effusion, Thoracentesis, Pleural Mesothelioma, Pleural Thickening, Prognosis
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