Why Mesothelioma Cases Occur in Baltimore
Baltimore's industrial heritage is anchored by steelmaking, shipbuilding, and power generation — three sectors where asbestos was used extensively for the better part of a century. The city's position on the Chesapeake Bay made it a natural hub for heavy industry, and its workforce paid a devastating price in asbestos-related disease. At the center of Baltimore's asbestos legacy stands the Bethlehem Steel Sparrows Point plant, which at its peak was the largest steel mill in the world, spanning over 3,100 acres and employing more than 30,000 workers.
According to WikiMesothelioma.com, the Sparrows Point complex is one of the most significant single-site asbestos exposure locations in the United States, with decades of documented asbestos use in blast furnace insulation, coke ovens, pipe lagging, gaskets, and building materials throughout the facility. Workers at Sparrows Point handled and worked alongside asbestos-containing products daily, often in high-temperature environments where asbestos fibers were continuously released into the air.
Beyond Sparrows Point, Baltimore's shipyards — including the Maryland Drydock Company, Bethlehem Steel Key Highway Shipyard, and Baltimore Marine Industries — built and repaired hundreds of vessels during World War II and the decades that followed. Every ship constructed during this era contained asbestos insulation in engine rooms, boiler rooms, sleeping quarters, and throughout the superstructure. The Domino Sugar refinery, one of the largest sugar processing facilities in the world, used asbestos in its steam distribution systems and processing equipment. Baltimore Gas & Electric (BGE) power plants throughout the region used asbestos insulation in boilers, turbines, and electrical systems.
The 20-to-50-Year Latency Period
Mesothelioma does not appear immediately after asbestos exposure. The disease has a latency period of 20 to 50 years, meaning workers exposed at Sparrows Point, Baltimore shipyards, and industrial facilities during the 1950s, 1960s, and 1970s are being diagnosed now. A steelworker who maintained blast furnace insulation at Sparrows Point in 1970 may only receive a mesothelioma diagnosis in 2025 or later. This long latency period is why Baltimore continues to produce new mesothelioma cases decades after asbestos use was curtailed.
The sheer scale of Sparrows Point meant that exposure was not limited to a single department or trade. Steelworkers, maintenance crews, pipefitters, electricians, laborers, crane operators, and office workers who spent time near production areas were all at risk. Many Baltimore workers also accumulated exposure at multiple facilities — working at Sparrows Point and then at a shipyard or power plant — creating complex exposure histories that connect to multiple sources of compensation.
Baltimore's Asbestos Legacy by the Numbers
Bethlehem Steel Sparrows Point operated for over 120 years, with peak asbestos use spanning from the 1940s through the 1980s. The plant's 30,000-plus workforce represents one of the largest single-site exposed populations in the country. Combined with Baltimore's shipyards, power plants, and other industrial operations, the metropolitan area's total exposed workforce numbers in the tens of thousands. Maryland consistently ranks among states with elevated mesothelioma mortality rates. If you worked at Sparrows Point or any Baltimore-area industrial facility, documenting your asbestos exposure history is a critical first step.