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how do you actually pick a surgeon for HIPEC? what should I be asking

Patient · · 52 views
So I'm stage II peritoneal and my oncologist at Cleveland Clinic mentioned HIPEC but wants me to consult with a surgeon who specializes in this. Problem is I don't know what questions to ask or how to tell if someone actually knows what they're doing versus just doing the procedure.

I worked at the Johns-Manville plant in Cleveland from 1978 to 1985 and got diagnosed in November, so I'm trying to move fast but not stupid. I've been reading some of the cytoreduction and HIPEC outcome data and the survival numbers seem to vary wildly depending on who's doing it.

Has anyone here actually gone through picking a surgeon for this? Like what made you confident in your choice. Did you go to a major center like Mayo or MD Anderson or did you find someone local who was good. I'm trying to figure out if volume really matters that much or if that's just something people say.

Also what specific questions did you ask about their complication rates and their HIPEC protocol. My symptom journal from the past few months shows the abdominal distension got worse in October, and I want someone who's going to actually look at my specifics not just run the standard playbook.

I've got a consultation scheduled at a place in Detroit but I'm not sure what I'm even looking for in terms of red flags or green flags.

11 Replies

Patient
I'm in almost the exact same boat, same plant same era, diagnosed last month. The volume thing is absolutely real and it's not just people saying it. I looked at the literature before I picked anyone and the difference between surgeons doing 5-10 HIPEC cases a year versus 30-40 is pretty stark in terms of complication rates and overall survival.

When I called around I asked three things right off. First, how many cytoreductive HIPEC cases have they personally done in the last two years. Not their team, them specifically. Second, what's their CC-0 rate, which is the completeness of cytoreduction score. If they're not immediately telling you they aim for CC-0 that's a problem because that's the whole ballgame. Third, what's their major complication rate and are they transparent about it. Anyone who gets defensive or vague is a no from me.

I had my first consultation at a surgeon here in Cleveland who was recommended and honestly the red flag was that he didn't ask much about my symptoms or my timeline. Just started talking about the procedure. I drove up to Ann Arbor to see someone at the university there who actually spent time understanding where my distension started and how fast things progressed, which matters for staging decisions. He had done about 60 HIPEC cases in the last three years and the complication data he shared matched what I'd read in the Annals of Surgical Oncology.

Ask them about their HIPEC protocol too, especially the temperature and the chemotherapy agents they use. Most use mitomycin C but some protocols vary. And ask what their follow-up imaging schedule looks like because that tells you if they're actually monitoring for recurrence or just assuming you're fine.

The Detroit place, make sure you ask them all three of those questions and don't be shy about asking for their published outcomes if they have any. Good luck with the consultation.
Patient
Yeah I'd def ask them straight up how many of these they do a year and what their complication rates actually are, not the glossy stuff. The surgeon I went with for my EPP wasn't some big name place but he'd done like 200+ of em and could talk specifics about his own numbers without the corporate speak.
Medical Expert Response
Volume absolutely matters, and that's not just something people say. The Sugarbaker Institute data (Paul Sugarbaker basically wrote the book on peritoneal surface malignancy surgery) consistently shows that centers doing fewer than 20 HIPEC procedures a year have meaningfully worse outcomes, both for complete cytoreduction rates and for serious complications. When I've looked at the published literature on this, the completeness of cytoreduction, what surgeons call CC-0 or CC-1 resection, is the single biggest predictor of survival, more than the chemotherapy agent used or even the temperature of perfusion.

So here's what I'd actually want to know going into that Detroit consult. How many peritoneal mesothelioma HIPECs specifically, not just colorectal or ovarian, has this surgeon done? Mesothelioma of the peritoneum has different biology and the cytoreduction is often more extensive. I'd want a straight number. I'd also want to know their conversion rate, meaning how often they open someone up expecting to do the full procedure and then close without completing it because disease burden is too high. And I'd ask who decides whether you're a good candidate, is it the surgeon alone or does your case go before a multidisciplinary tumor board?

A red flag for me is a surgeon who can't give you numbers. Good surgeons track their outcomes obsessively.

The Detroit consult can be useful even as a data point. But given that you're stage II and still potentially a strong candidate for complete cytoreduction, I'd strongly encourage asking your Cleveland Clinic team about a parallel consult at a center with a dedicated peritoneal surface malignancy program. MD Anderson has one, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center has one of the higher-volume programs in the country for this specific disease.

Talk to your oncologist about all of this before committing to anything.
3 found this helpful
Patient
Yeah man, this is exactly the kind of thing where you gotta kick the tires before you buy the car. I'm peritoneal too, stage I, but I had the EPP surgery back in February so different beast than HIPEC. But I learned a ton about finding the right surgeon.

Here's what I did. First I called Cleveland Clinic back and asked who they work with on the peritoneal side specifically, not just who takes their referrals. That matters because some surgeons do a little bit of everything versus the ones who eat and sleep this stuff. Then I got on the phone with the surgeon's office and straight up asked how many HIPEC cases they do a year. If they can't give you a number or seem vague about it, that's a red flag. Real programs know their numbers. We ended up going to someone who does like 40-50 a year, not 5.

When I met with my guy I asked about his complication rates, yeah, but I also asked what his plan was if something went sideways during the surgery. That tells you if he's thought through the worst case or if he's just gonna wing it. Ask about their HIPEC drug protocol too, some centers use different chemo mixes and they should be able to explain why they chose theirs. Also ask how long they keep patients in the hospital post-op because that varies and frankly tells you something about their confidence level.

The Detroit option isn't bad but honestly if you're stage II and the numbers matter that much, don't be afraid to travel. We drove to Ann Arbor for the consult even tho we're in Detroit, and it was worth it. The surgeon I saw had published papers on peritoneal cases which felt like okay this guy actually cares about the outcome data not just the paycheck.

One thing nobody tells you - bring your imaging with you on a USB drive or whatever. Watch how seriously they look at YOUR specific scans versus just the pathology report. That's when you can tell if they're customizing or just running the playbook like you said.

Good luck with this, sounds like you're asking the right questions...
Patient
That's a really good point about asking Cleveland Clinic who they actually work with versus just who takes referrals. I hadn't thought to make that distinction. Did they give you names of people they specifically collaborate with on peritoneal cases, or did you have to dig for that yourself? I'm wondering if that's something I should push on during my pre-consult call to the Detroit surgeon too.
Medical Expert Response
Volume really does matter, and it's not just something people say. A 2019 paper in the Annals of Surgical Oncology found that centers doing fewer than roughly 15 HIPEC procedures a year had meaningfully worse outcomes, and the difference wasn't small. So that's the first thing I'd want to know from any surgeon: how many of these do you personally do each year, not the center, you specifically.

When my clients have gone through this process, the ones who felt most confident going in were the ones who asked the surgeon to walk them through a case that looked like theirs. Stage II peritoneal, the specific distribution of disease, what their cytoreduction approach would be. If the surgeon gets vague or generic there, that tells you something.

The Detroit consultation is worth going to, but I'd also get on the phone with MD Anderson's peritoneal disease program. They do a lot of mesothelioma-specific HIPEC and the protocol considerations are different from colorectal cases, which is what most of the published volume data is based on. Your situation isn't the standard playbook and you're right to say that.

A few things that have come up in our support groups a lot: ask specifically about their complication rate for grade 3 and above events, ask who manages you post-op and whether there's a dedicated HIPEC nurse coordinator, and ask how many mesothelioma cases specifically they've done, not just HIPEC overall.

The fact that you've been tracking your symptom progression carefully is genuinely useful to bring. Bring the journal.

If you find you're feeling overwhelmed by all of this, talking to an oncology social worker at your center can help you sort through the decision-making process. That's not a small thing when you're moving this fast.
3 found this helpful
Attorney Expert Response
Not a medical professional so take this for what it is, but I've sat across from a lot of families making this exact decision over the past two decades and a few things stand out.

Volume really does matter. There's published data showing centers doing fewer than roughly 15 to 20 HIPEC procedures per year have measurably worse outcomes, and that's not just anecdotal. When we were working with a family in a similar situation a few years back they specifically asked the surgeon how many cytoreduction/HIPEC procedures he'd personally performed, not the institution, him specifically. The answer was somewhere around 40 total. They drove to Pittsburgh instead.

The questions that seemed to separate serious specialists from "we do this occasionally" surgeons... ask about their completeness of cytoreduction rate. That CC score at the end of surgery is one of the strongest predictors of outcome and a surgeon who knows their numbers cold is a good sign. Ask what their protocol is when they hit unexpected tumor distribution intraoperatively. Ask how many of their patients end up in the ICU post-op versus a regular surgical floor, because that tells you something about how they manage the procedure itself.

Red flags I've seen families describe: vague answers about complication rates, reluctance to share data, or a surgeon who doesn't ask much about your specific imaging before quoting you outcomes.

Your Johns-Manville history from that period is also something you may want to discuss with an attorney at some point, because there may be trust fund claims that don't interfere with your treatment timeline at all. But that's a separate conversation. Please consult an attorney for your specific situation before making any assumptions about your legal options.
3 found this helpful
Attorney Expert Response
Something the surgical piece doesn't always cover but matters a lot from where I sit... the Johns-Manville connection you mentioned puts you in a specific legal position that could actually affect your treatment options in a practical way.

Asbestos trust funds from the JM bankruptcy, specifically the Manville Personal Injury Settlement Trust established in 1988, can move faster than people expect when you've got a confirmed diagnosis and documented employment dates. We had a client in a similar situation in 2019 who had funds available within about 90 days of filing, and that money went directly toward travel costs for a higher-volume center that his local insurance wouldn't fully cover.

So when you're evaluating that Detroit consultation, the question of whether to go to MD Anderson or Cleveland Clinic's own HIPEC team versus staying local may not be purely a medical decision. It could be a financial one too, and those resources may already exist for you.

Talk to an attorney familiar with asbestos trust claims before you assume geography has to be a constraint. Your specific situation really does warrant a proper legal consult.
3 found this helpful
Patient
I appreciate you jumping in, but I want to be really clear about something - I'm focusing on the medical side right now and picking the right surgeon is honestly taking up all my mental energy. The legal stuff feels important but secondary to making sure I get the best possible outcome from the surgery itself. Once I've got my treatment plan locked down and actually understand what I'm dealing with post-op, I'll definitely look into that trust fund angle. Do you know if there's a particular timeline I should be aware of, or can that stuff move in parallel with my surgery planning without pressure to decide anything right now?
Family
Joe went through this exact thing back in October when his oncologist at Moffitt Cancer Center here in Tampa said he needed a surgeon for potential cytoreduction. I'm not gonna lie, it was overwhelming trying to figure out who actually knew what they were doing versus who just had the equipment.

What really helped us was asking about their case volume specifically. Not just "how many have you done" but "how many THIS YEAR" because that matters. The surgeon Joe ended up with at MD Anderson had done over 200 HIPEC procedures and could talk through complication rates without hesitating. He said something like 15-20% of his patients had post-op complications but his infection rate was lower than the national average, and he could back that up with actual data.

When you go to your Detroit consultation, I'd ask them straight up what percentage of their HIPEC patients needed reoperation within 30 days. If they get uncomfortable or vague that's a yellow flag. Also ask about their mortality rate for the procedure itself, not just complications. And honestly? Ask if you can talk to someone who had it done by them. We did that and it made all the difference hearing from an actual patient about recovery and what to expect.

The thing about major centers is they do see more complex cases so the patients there tend to be sicker overall, which can skew the numbers either way. But volume absolutely matters because this isn't a standard surgery. It takes real expertise. Joe's surgeon spent like 45 minutes just reviewing his scans before the consultation even started, asking questions about his symptoms timeline and what imaging showed.

How are you feeling about the Detroit place so far?
Patient
Your message got cut off but I'm really glad you brought up the case volume question because that's exactly what I've been trying to figure out. When you asked about "this year" specifically, did the surgeon give you a number that made you feel confident, or was it more like they gave you a range and you had to do more digging? I'm wondering if there's a threshold that actually means something or if any recent volume is better than nothing. Also curious if Joe's surgeon at MD Anderson walked through their specific HIPEC protocol or if they kind of glossed over that part.

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